35 weeks: the day and events of March 19th

March 19 is the 78th day of the year (79th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 287 days remaining until the end of the year.

March 19 is usually the last day of the winter season in the Northern Hemisphere, and the last day of the summer season in the Southern Hemisphere.


Events

1279 - A Mongolian victory in the Battle of Yamen ends the Song Dynasty in China
1687 - Explorer Robert Cavelier de La Salle, searching for the mouth of the Mississippi River, is murdered by his own men.
1831 - The City Bank of New York becomes the site of the first bank robbery in United States history ($245,000 taken).
1861 - The First Taranaki War ends in New Zealand.
1863 - The SS Georgiana, said to have been the most powerful Confederate cruiser, was destroyed on her maiden voyage with cargo of munitions, medicines and merchandise then valued at over $1,000,000. The wreck was discovered on the same day and month, exactly 102 years later by then teenage diver and pioneer underwater archaeologist E. Lee Spence.
1865 - American Civil War: The Battle of Bentonville begins. By the end of the battle two days later the Confederate forces have retreated from Four Oaks, North Carolina.
1915 - Pluto is photographed for the first time but was not recognized as a planet.
1916 - Eight American planes take off in pursuit of Pancho Villa, the first United States air-combat mission in history.
1918 - The U.S. Congress establishes time zones and approves daylight saving time.
1920 - The United States Senate rejects the Treaty of Versailles for the second time (first time was on November 19, 1919).
1921 - Italian Fascists shoot from the Parenzana train at a group of children in Strunjan (Slovenia): two children are killed, two mangled, three wounded.
1931 - Gambling is legalized in Nevada.
1931 - The Harrisburg Symphony Orchestra played its first concert in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
1932 - The Sydney Harbour Bridge is opened.
1941 - World War II: The 99th Pursuit Squadron also known as the Tuskegee Airmen, the first all-black unit of the Army Air Corp, is activated.
1942 - The Thoroughbred Racing Association is established in Chicago.
1943 - Frank Nitti, Chicago Outfit Boss after Al Capone committed suicide at the Chicago Central Railyard.
1944 - World War II: Nazi forces occupy Hungary.
1945 - World War II: Off the coast of Japan, a dive bomber hits the aircraft carrier USS Franklin, killing 800 of her crew and crippling the ship.
1945 - World War II: Adolf Hitler issues his "Nero Decree" ordering all industries, military installations, shops, transportation facilities and communications facilities in Germany be destroyed.
1946 - French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique and Réunion become overseas départements of France.
1954 - Joey Giardello knocks out Willie Tory in round seven at Madison Square Garden in the first televised prize boxing fight shown in color.
1958 - A fire in a loft building in New York, New York kills 24 people.
1962 - Algerian War of Independence: A ceasefire takes effect.
1962 - Bob Dylan releases his first, self-titled album.
1969 - collapse of 385 metre tall TV-mast at Emley Moor, UK, because of icing.
1972 - India and Bangladesh sign a friendship treaty.
1978 - UN Security Council Resolution 425 and 426 were passed, calling upon Israel immediately to cease its military action and withdraw its forces from all Lebanese territory (Operation Litani), and established the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL).
1979 - The United States House of Representatives begins broadcasting its day-to-day business via the cable television network C-SPAN.
1981 - Three workers are killed and five injured during a test of the Space Shuttle Columbia.
1982 - Falklands War: Argentines land on South Georgia Island, precipitating war.
1987 - Televangelist Jim Bakker resigns as head of the PTL Club due to a brewing sex scandal; he hands over control to Jerry Falwell.
2002 - U.S. invasion of Afghanistan: Operation Anaconda ends (started on March 2) after killing 500 Taliban and al Qaeda fighters with 11 allied troop fatalities.
2004 - Äänekoski bus disaster - A semi-trailer truck and a bus crash head-on in Äänekoski, Finland. 24 people are killed and 13 injured.
2004 - A Swedish DC-3 shot down by a Russian MiG-15 in the 1950s is finally recovered after years of work. The remains of the crew are left in place, pending further investigations.
2004 - Taiwanese president Chen Shui-bian is shot just before the country's presidential election on March 20. See 3-19 Shooting Incident.
2007 - Airbus A380 makes first flights to United States.


Births

1434 - Ashikaga Yoshikatsu, Japanese shogun (d. 1443)
1488 - Johannes Magnus, last Catholic Archbishop of Sweden (d. 1544)
1534 - José de Anchieta, Spanish Jesuit missionary to Brazil (d. 1597)
1590 - William Bradford, Pilgrim and First Governor of the Plymouth Colony (d. 1657)
1684 - Jean Astruc, French physician and scholar (d. 1766)
1721 - Tobias Smollett, Scottish novelist (d. 1771)
1734 - Thomas McKean, American lawyer and signer of the Declaration of Independence (d. 1817)
1739 - Charles-François Lebrun, duc de Plaisance, Third Consul of France (d. 1824)
1749 - Princess Louisa Anne of Wales (d. 1768)
1778 - Edward Pakenham, British general (d. 1815)
1813 - David Livingstone, Scottish missionary and explorer (d. 1873)
1821 - Richard Francis Burton, British explorer, diplomat and author (d. 1890)
1823 - Princess Adelgunde of Bavaria d. 1914
1824 or 1828 - William Allingham, Irish author (d. 1889)
1829 - Carl Frederik Tietgen, Danish financier and industrialist (d. 1901)
1848 - Wyatt Earp, American policeman and gunfighter (d. 1929)
1849 - Alfred von Tirpitz, German World War I Admiral (d. 1930)
1851 - William Henry Stark, American business leader (d. 1936)
1860 - William Jennings Bryan, 41st United States Secretary of State (d. 1925)
1861 - Lomer Gouin, Quebec politician (d. 1929)
1864 - Charles Marion Russell, American artist (d. 1926)
1865 - William Morton Wheeler, American entomologist, myrmecologist, pioneer in ethology (d. 1937)
1871 - Schofield Haigh, British cricketer (d. 1921)
1873 - Max Reger, German composer (d. 1916)
1883 - Walter Haworth, British chemist, Nobel laureate (d. 1950)
1883 - Joseph Stilwell, U.S. general (d. 1946)
1888 - Josef Albers, German artist (d. 1976)
1888 - Léon Scieur, Belgian cyclist (d. 1969)
1891 - Earl Warren, 14th Chief Justice of the United States (d. 1974)
1892 - James Van Fleet, American general (d. 1992)
1894 - Moms Mabley, American comedian (d. 1975)
1900 - Frédéric Joliot, French physicist, Nobel laureate (d. 1958)
1904 - John Sirica, American judge (d. 1992)
1905 - Albert Speer, Nazi official (d. 1981)
1906 - Adolf Eichmann, Nazi official (d. 1962)
1909 - Louis Hayward, British actor (d. 1985)
1909 - Attilio Demaria, Argentinian footballer (d. 1990)
1910 - Joseph F. Carroll, US Air Force Lt. Gen. and Founding Director, Defense Intelligence Agency (d. 1991)
1914 - Leonidas Alaoglu, Greek-Canadian mathematician (d. 1981)
1914 - Jay Berwanger, American football player (d. 2002)
1914 - Fred Clark, American film actor (d. 1968)
1915 - Robert G. Cole, American Paratrooper of the 101st, 502nd division (d. 1944)
1916 - Eric Christmas, British actor (d. 2000)
1916 - Irving Wallace, American novelist (d. 1990)
1917 - Dinu Lipatti, Romanian pianist (d. 1950)
1917 - Laszlo Szabo, Hungarian chess player (d. 1998)
1920 - Tige Andrews, American actor (d. 2007)
1920 - Kjell Aukrust, Norwegian author (d. 2002)
1921 - Tommy Cooper, Welsh comedy magician (d. 1984)
1923 - Pamela Britton, American actress (d. 1974)
1923 - Henry Morgentaler, Canadian gynecologist
1924 - Mary Wimbush, British actress (d. 2005)
1925 - Brent Scowcroft, US National Security Advisor
1927 - Richie Ashburn, American baseball player (d. 1997)
1928 - Hans Küng, Swiss theologian
1928 - Patrick McGoohan, American-born actor
1932 - Gay Brewer, American golfer (d. 2007
1933 - Philip Roth, American author
1933 - Renée Taylor, American actress
1936 - Ursula Andress, Swiss actress
1936 - Birthe Wilke, Danish singer
1937 - Clarence "Frogman" Henry, American musician
1937 - Egon Krenz, President of East Germany
1939 - Joe Kapp, American football player
1942 - Richard Dobson, American singer and songwriter
1943 - Mario J. Molina, Mexican chemist, Nobel laureate
1943 - Mario Monti, Italian politician
1943 - Vern Schuppan, Australian racing driver
1944 - Said Musa, Prime Minister of Belize
1944 - Sirhan Sirhan, Palestinian-born assassin
1945 - Stefanos Kiriakidis, Greek actor
1946 - Paul Atkinson, British musician (The Zombies) (d. 2004)
1946 - Bigas Luna, Spanish film director
1946 - Ruth Pointer, American singer (Pointer Sisters)
1947 - Glenn Close, American actress
1947 - Marinho Peres, Brazilian football player
1952 - Harvey Weinstein, American film producer
1952 - Warren Lees, New Zealand Test wicket-keeper
1953 - Billy Sheehan, American musician (Mr. Big)
1953 - Ricky Wilson, American musician (The B-52's) (d. 1985)
1954 - Indu Shahani, Indian educationist and Sheriff of Mumbai
1955 - Bruce Willis, American actor
1956 - Yegor Gaidar, Russian politician and economist.
1962 - Ivan Calderón, Puerto Rican baseball player (d. 2003)
1962 - Jim Korderas, American professional wrestling referee
1964 - Yoko Kanno, Japanese composer
1966 - Andy Sinton, English footballer
1966 - James "Big Jim" Wright, American record producer
1967 - Vladimir Konstantinov, Russian ice hockey player
1969 - Gary Jules, American singer and songwriter
1969 - Connor Trinneer, American actor
1971 - Nadja Auermann, German supermodel
1971 - Kirsty Williams, British politician
1973 - Bun B, American Rapper
1975 - Vivian Hsu, Taiwanese singer, actress and model
1975 - Brann Dailor, American drummer
1975 - Matthew Richardson, Australian rules footballer
1975 - Antonio Daniels, American basketball player
1976 - Zach Lind - American drummer (Jimmy Eat World)
1976 - Andre Miller, American basketball player
1976 - Rachel Blanchard, Canadian actress
1976 - Alessandro Nesta, Italian footballer
1977 - Jorma Taccone, American writer and comedian
1979 - Hee-Seop Choi, Korean baseball player
1979 - Ivan Ljubičić, Croatian tennis player
1979 - Christos Patsatzoglou, Greek footballer
1980 - Vida Guerra, Cuban-American swimsuit model
1980 - Mikuni Shimokawa, Japanese singer
1980 - Don Sparrow, Canadian illustrator
1981 - Kim Rae Won, South Korean actor and model
1981 - Kolo Touré, Ivorian footballer
1982 - Bradley Jones, Australian footballer
1982 - Matt Littler, British actor
1983 - Ana Rezende, Brazilian film director and musician (CSS)
1983 - Matt Sydal, American professional wrestler
1984 - Tanushree Dutta, Indian Actress
1985 - Ernesto Viso, Venezuelan racing driver
1999 - Tatum McCann, American actress
2007 - Prince Abdullah bin Ali, Prince of Jordan



Deaths

1238 - Duke Henry I of Poland (b. 1163)
1263 - Hugh of St Cher, French cardinal
1279 - Emperor Bing of Song China (b. 1271)
1286 - King Alexander III of Scotland (b. 1241)
1330 - Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent, English politician (executed) (b. 1301)
1406 - Ibn Khaldun, Arab historian (b. 1332)
1623 - Uesugi Kagekatsu, Japanese samurai and warlord (b. 1556)
1637 - Péter Pázmány, Hungarian cardinal and statesman (b. 1570)
1649 - Gerhard Johann Vossius, German classical scholar and theologian (b. 1577)
1683 - Thomas Killigrew, English dramatist (b. 1612)
1687 - Robert Cavelier de La Salle, French explorer (b. 1643)
1697 - Nicolaus Bruhns, German organist and composer (b. 1665)
1711 - Thomas Ken, English bishop and hymn-writer (b. 1637)
1717 - John Campbell, 1st Earl of Breadalbane and Holland, Scottish royalist
1721 - Pope Clement XI (b. 1649)
1796 - Hugh Palliser, British naval officer and administrator (b. 1722)
1816 - Philip Mazzei, Italian physician and friend of Thomas Jefferson (b. 1730)
1871 - Wilhelm Karl Ritter von Haidinger, Austrian mineralogist (b. 1795)
1897 - Antoine Thomson d'Abbadie, French geographer (b. 1810)
1900 - John Bingham, American politician and lawyer (b. 1815)
1900 - Charles-Louis Hanon, French composer (b. 1819)
1914 - Giuseppe Mercalli, Italian volcanologist (b. 1850)
1916 - Vasily Surikov, Russian painter (b. 1848)
1930 - Arthur Balfour, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1848)
1939 - Lloyd L. Gaines, American civil rights activist
1942 - Clinton Hart Merriam, American zoologist (b. 1855)
1943 - Frank Nitti, American gangster (b. 1883)
1944 - William Hale Thompson, American mayor of Chicago (b. 1869)
1945 - Friedrich Fromm, German Nazi official (b. 1888)
1950 - Edgar Rice Burroughs, American author (b. 1875)
1950 - Walter Haworth, British chemist, Nobel laureate (b. 1883)
1974 - Anne Klein, American fashion designer (b. 1923)
1974 - Edward Platt, American actor (b. 1916)
1976 - Albert Dieudonné, French actor, screenwriter and novelist (b. 1889)
1976 - Paul Kossoff, English guitarist (Free) (b. 1950)
1978 - Gaston Julia, French mathematician (b. 1893)
1979 - Richard Beckinsale, English actor (b. 1947)
1982 - Randy Rhoads, American guitarist (Quiet Riot, Ozzy Osbourne) (b. 1956)
1987 - Louis, 7th duc de Broglie, French physicist, Nobel laureate (b. 1892)
1989 - Alan Civil, English French horn player (b. 1929)
1990 - Andrew Wood, American singer (Mother Love Bone) (b. 1966)
1992 - Cesare Danova, American television and film actor (b. 1926)
1995 - Yasuo Yamada, Japanese voice actor (b. 1932)
1997 - Willem de Kooning, Dutch-born painter (b. 1904)
1999 - Jaime Sabines, Mexican poet (b. 1926)
2001 - Charles K. Johnson, President of the Flat Earth Society (b. 1924)
2003 - Michael Mathias Prechtl, German illustrator (b. 1926)
2003 - Émile Genest, Canadian actor (b. 1921)
2004 - Mitchell Sharp, Canadian politician (b. 1911)
2005 - John De Lorean, American automobile engineer (b. 1925)
2007 - Calvert DeForest, American actor (b. 1921)
2007 - Luther Ingram, R&B soul singer and songwriter (b. 1937)

Holidays and observances

The first day of Quinquatria in ancient Rome, held in honor of Minerva.
The swallows return to Mission San Juan Capistrano in California.

Liturgical feasts
Roman Catholicism and Church of England - Saint Joseph's Day for Saint Joseph of Nazareth, spouse of the Blessed Virgin Mary, father of Jesus; patron saint of Belgium, a good death, carpenters
hence also (alternative) Father's Day in Spain, Portugal, Belgium,Italy
Las Fallas in Valencia, Spain.
Saint Landoald
Saint Adeltrudis (d. 670)